How do I freeze rows and columns at the same time?

Select the cell directly below the last row and directly to the right of the last column you want to freeze, then choose View > Freeze Panes > Freeze Panes. For example, to freeze rows 1–2 and columns A–B, select C3.

Does Freeze Panes apply when printing?

No. Freeze Panes is for on-screen display only. To repeat headers when printing, use Page Layout > Print Titles to specify the rows or columns to repeat.

What is the difference between Split and Freeze Panes?

Split divides a worksheet into multiple independently scrollable panes, while Freeze Panes keeps the rows above and columns to the left of the selected cell visible as you scroll.

Are there keyboard shortcuts?

Windows KeyTips are Alt, W, F, F (Freeze Panes), Alt, W, F, R (Freeze Top Row), Alt, W, F, C (Freeze First Column), and Alt, W, F, U (Unfreeze Panes). On Mac, use the View tab menu.

Is this different from keeping table headers visible?

Table headers are displayed below the ribbon while scrolling and are separate from Freeze Panes. You can use both together.

CONTENTS

Excel Freeze Panes — Freeze the First Row, First Column, or Multiple Rows and Columns; Compare with Split

Excel Freeze Panes is an essential feature that keeps headers and key columns visible while you scroll. Remember that the rows above and columns to the left of the selected cell are frozen, and you can quickly set up any layout.

Quick Fix (3 Minutes)

Freeze the first row: View > Freeze Panes > Freeze Top Row (Windows KeyTips: Alt, W, F, R)
Freeze the first column: View > Freeze Panes > Freeze First Column (Alt, W, F, C)
Freeze at any position: Select the cell below the last row and to the right of the last column you want to freeze, then choose Freeze Panes (Alt, W, F, F)
Unfreeze: View > Freeze Panes > Unfreeze Panes (Alt, W, F, U)

How It Works: The Selection Rule

The rows above and columns to the left of the selected cell are frozen.
Only one Freeze Panes setting can be active at a time. It does not affect printing; use Print Titles to repeat headers when printing.

Use Cases

Freeze the First Row or First Column

Keep headers and key columns visible in wide tables to improve readability.

Freeze Rows and Columns at Any Position

For example, to freeze rows 1–3 and columns A–C, select D4 and then choose Freeze Panes.

Tips for PivotTables and Long Reports

Freeze top and left fields in PivotTables, and freeze two or three columns in horizontally wide reports.

Freeze Panes vs. Split vs. Table Headers

Item	Freeze Panes	Split	Table Headers
Purpose	Keep specific rows or columns visible	Independent scrolling panes	Display headers
Set up	View > Freeze Panes	View > Split	Ctrl+T (Table)
Effect on printing	None	None	None

Unfreeze, Reset, and Shortcuts

Unfreeze: View > Freeze Panes > Unfreeze Panes
Reset: Select the reference cell, then choose Freeze Panes.
On Mac, use the same View tab menu to set or remove Freeze Panes.

Troubleshooting

Issue	Cause	Solution
The desired range is not frozen	The selection rule was misunderstood	Select the cell below and to the right of the last row and column you want to freeze.
Menu is unavailable	Protection or co-authoring	Remove protection and check the co-authoring status.
Split lines remain	Split is enabled	Turn off View > Split.
It does not appear when printed	Display-only feature	Use Page Layout > Print Titles to specify repeating rows or columns.

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Excel Freeze Panes — Freeze the First Row, First Column, or Multiple Rows and Columns; Unfreeze and Compare with Split